Hizkuntzalaritza konparatua eta aitzineuskararen erroa

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1998-02-07, 1998-02-07, 1998-02-07, 1998-02-07

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Udako Euskal Unibertsitatea

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In this article, I present a prolix series of problems and case-studies in a variety of languages that may be of interest for the analysis of the Basque root, as well as a sketch of their possible consequences for the study of the prehistory of Basque language. As the initial hypothesis for Pre-Proto-Basque, a canonical monosyllabic root is proposed of the form CVC; I then demonstrate that in disyllabic words the root would have been in the second syllable. In this framework, composition becomes the main —almost the only— productive mechanism for new word formation in Proto-Basque. Of course, we can never forget that (leftwards and truncated) reduplication could have been a possible strategy the oldest periods of Proto-Basque used to increase its word-inventory: we don’t forget the importance of alternations due to pitch, or maybe tone, differences. At the same time, I criticize some old etymologies and I defend new etymologies by internal reconstruction of second stage; I also present arguments against analyses that try to find a systematic relation between Kartvelic and Proto-Basque or a correspondence between the latter and Old European.
Artikulu honetan, euskal erroaren azterketarako interesgarri gerta litezkeen hizkuntza batzuetako arazo eta azterketa-ereduak oparo aurkezten dira, gero euskararen berreraiketari dagozkion ondorioak zirriborratzeko. Aitzineuskara zaharrerako CVC forma kanonikoko erro monosilabikoaren proposamenetik abiatuaz, disilabikoetan erroa bigarren silaban izan zitekeela baieztatzen da, konposaketa nabarmenduz hitz berriak sortzeko modu ia bakar gisa, aitzineuskararik zaharrenean hitzak hazteko moduetarik bat erreduplikazioa (ezkerrerantz eta zatika) izan zitekeela ahaztu gabe eta tonuarena bezalako alternantziek izan zezaketen garrantzia baztertu barik. Bide batez, etimologia zenbait kritikatu eta bigarren graduko barne-berrerai- ketaz lortutako berri batzuk defendatzeaz landa, kartvelikoa eta aitzineuskara- ren artean erlazio sistematikoa ikusi nahi edota europera zaharra aitzineus- kararekin berdindu gura luketenen aurkako argumentuak agertzen dira

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