Niederwanger , MichaelDallinger , ReinhardIzagirre Aramaiona, UrtziSoto Lopez, ManuelBenito Fernandez, Denis2024-11-272024-11-27production.39973https://dx.doi.org/10.26876/ikergazte.ii.05.19https://gordailua.ueu.eus/handle/123456789/2349Itsas ingurunean hainbat kutsatzaileek sortutako toxizitatea sakonki izan da ikertua hainbat espezie zentinelen bidez (Moluskuak, beste batzuen artean). Ikerketa hauek, antolamendu biologikoko maila desberdinetan toxizitate mekanismoak argitzen lagundu dute, maila molekularretik, ekosistema mailaraino. Hala ere, gehiengo diseinu esperimentaletan, kutsatzaile kontzentrazioak ingurugiroan aurki daitezkeenak baino askoz ere altuagoak izan ohi dira. Ikerketa honen helburua kadmio kontzentrazio subletala (0.25 eta 1 mg Cd/l) 21 eguneko esposiziopean magurio arruntean (Littorina littorea) sortzen diren ondorio biologikoen determinazioa da. Hauen segida tenporala zehazteko helburuarekin, organo desberdinak (liseri-guruin/gonada konplexua eta zakatzak) disekzionatu ziren 0, 4 eta 12 ordu eta 1, 3, 7, 14 eta 21 esposizio egunen ostean eta 12 eguneko detoxifikazio periodo baten ondoren. Biomarkatzaile desberdinak erabili dira maila zelularrean (metalen metaketa intralisosomikoa, aldaketa estrukturalak sistema lisosomikoan) eta ehun mailan (liseri-zelulen eta zelula basofiloen arteko proportzio erlatiboaren aldaketak, liseri-epitelio eta arnas epitelioaren aldaketa morfologikoak). . Biomarkatzaileetan alterazio esanguratsuak segida tenporal desberdinetan gertatu ziren Cd esposizioaren ondorioz aipatutako erantzun biologikoetan. Honela, aldaketa histopatologiko azkarrak (egun 1) zakatzetan eman ziren, ehun mailako biomarkatzaileetan berriz beranduago gertatu ziren (7 egun). Horregatik, alerta goiztiarreko parametroa kontsideratu daiteke iragazketaz elikatzen ez diren organismoetan ere, betiere urpean mantentzen badira. Erabilitako biomarkatzaileak oso sentikorrak izan dira Cd kontzentrazio ez hilgarrietara mantendutako Littorina littorea magurioetan eta erantzun zelularrak oso denbora tarte laburretan izan dira ikusgai (<1 egun). Espero bezala, antolamendu biologiko konplexuagoko erantzunak beranduago izan dira ikusgai (1-7 egun). Kontrol eta talde esperimentalen arteko desberdintasun esanguratsuko puntu kritikoa sistema osoan 7. egunean ezarri da. Biomarkatzaileak, Ingurumen Toxikologia eta Kutsadura, Kadmioa, Histopatologia.The toxicity produced by a vast number of pollutants in marine environments has been extensively studied for many years using different sentinel species (i.e. molluscs). These works have contributed to the better understanding of the toxicity mechanisms at different levels of biological complexity, from molecular up to ecosystem level. However, the concentrations used in the majority of the experimental setups were far above environmental levels of pollutants. The aim of the present work is to determine the onset of biological effects in periwinkles (Littorina littorea) that were exposed to sublethal cadmium concentrations (0.25 and 1 mg Cd/l) for 21 days. In order to study the time-course effects produced by the selected Cd concentrations, different organs (digestive gland / gonad complex and gills) were dissected out after 0, 4 and 12 hours; and 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days of exposure and after a subsequent 12 days detoxification period. Different endpoints were measured at cell (intralysosomal metal accumulation, lysosomal structural changes) and tissue level (changes in the relative proportion of digestive and basophilic cells, morphological alterations in digestive and respiratory epithelia). Significant alterations in biomarkers occurred at different time courses after exposure to Cd for the IkerGazte 2017 Zientziak eta natur zientziak 130different organs responses. Hence, quick histopathological changes (1 d) occurred in the gills while changes in tissue-level biomarkers were later on (7 d) observed in the digestive gland/gonad complex. Therefore, gill integrity can be considered as an early warning parameter even in non filter feeder organisms but forced to be continuously immersed. The battery of biomarkers were highly sensitive to sublethal exposure concentrations of Cd in Littorina littorea and cell responses could be observed at very short time-courses (< 1d ). As expected, responses at higher levels of biological complexity were slightly delayed (1- 7 d). The critical point of significant differentiation between the exposed groups and the control group in the whole system has been established at 7 d of exposure. Biomarkers, Environmental pollution and toxicology, Cadmium, Histopathology.Natur Zientziakintroduction