Saguzarren izurriekiko zaletasuna mahasti-sistema batean: kontrol biologikorako oinarrizko hastapenak

Abstract

Artropodo fitofagoek nekazal ekoizpenean kalte oso larriak eragiten dituzte urtero. Izurrien kontrako borrokan saguzarrak artropodoen jatun handienen taldean sailkatzen dira, hauetako hainbat izurri kontsumitzaile direlarik. Mahastiak nagusi diren nekazal sistema mediterraneoetan, kultibo ugarik izurriek eragindako suntsipen masiboak jasaten dituzte; ondorioz ikerketa honetan DNA metabarcoding bidez saguzar espezie ezberdinen dieta eta izurriak kontsumitzeko gaitasuna denboran zehar aztertu dugu. Guztira, 72 izurri espezie detektatu ziren, hauetatik 30 izurri garrantzitsu kontsideratzen direlarik. Emaitzen arabera, saguzar espezie ezberdinak baso eta nekazaritzako izurrien suntsitzaile handiak direla agerian geratzen da, hortaz populazio hauek faboratzeko dagozkion kontserbazio-neurriak hartzea premiazkoa da.

Herbivorous arthropods cause immense damage in crop production annually. Bats are considered amongst the most voracious predators of arthropods, of which some species are known to consume pests. In vineyard dominated Mediterranean agroecosystems, multiple crops are damaged caused by the attack of insect pests, thereby in this study, we aimed to explore the diet and pest consumption capacity of different bat species by means of DNA metabarcoding analysis of DNA extracted from faeces during the whole active period of most pest species. Overall, 72 pest species were identified and 30 of them are considered major pests. In view of the results, it can be asserted that the surveyd bat species may act as a suppressor of a wide array of agroforestry pests in Mediterranean agroecosystems. Therefore, appropriate conservational measurements to favour the growth of its populations should be considered.