Mintzeko-kolesterola: bakterio-toxinen aspaldiko laguna

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Adenilato Ziklasa Toxina (ACT) Bordetella pertussis bakterioak jariatzen dituen birulentzia-faktoreetako bat da. Ostalariaren defentsak ahultzen ditu, makrofagoak intoxikatuz eta haien mintz plasmatikoak zulatuz. Horretarako, lehen eta azken urratsa proteina itu-zelulen mintz plasmatikora lotu eta mintzean integratzea da. Arloko ikerketan aurrerapauso handiak egin diren arren, ezezagunak dira toxinak forma aktiboa har dezan gertatu beharreko urratsak. Lan honetan, ACTk eta mintzeko kolesterolak elkarrekintza espezifikoa dutela erakutsi dugu, eta kolesterolari lotzeaz arduratzen diren lau motibo identifikatu ditugu, bi jardueretarako funtsezkoak direnak.
Adenylate Cyclase Toxin (ACT) is one of the main virulence factors secreted by Bordetella pertussis, the bacterium causative of whooping cough. It intoxicates and forms pores in the plasma membrane of macrophages, debilitating host defences. The first and last step for these toxin activities are binding to the plasma membrane of target cells and conversion into membrane-integrated proteins. However, the molecular determinants in the protein or the target membrane that govern this conversion to an active toxin form are fully unknown. Here, we show that ACT specifically interacts with membrane cholesterol, and find in two membrane-interacting domains, four cholesterol-binding motifs that are essential for both activities.

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kolesterola; bakterio-toxinak; toxina poro-eragileak; lipido-proteina elkarrekintzak, bacterial toxins; pore-forming toxins; lipid-protein interactions

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