Litio metalikoaren gainazalaren egokitzea bateria elektrikoetarako

Abstract

Energiaren biltegiratze finkoa, garraio elektrikoa eta gailu eramangarri elektronikoen arloen garapena atzerapenak jasaten ari da ez baitago eremu hauen aplikagarritasuna bermatuko duen baterien teknologia nahikoa garaturik. Litio metalikoa, kapazitate teoriko handiena daukan elementua izanik, baterietako anodo bezala luze aztertua izan da. Hala ere, oraingoz ez da aurkitu berau erabiltzeko modurik egokiena era seguru eta errentagarri batean. Litio metalikoaren egonkortasuna zehazten duen gakoetako bat atmosfera desberdinetan kontaktuan egon ondoren bere gainzalean sortzen den geruzan aurkitzen da. Lan honetan litio metalikoaren geruzaren bilakaera aztertzen da oxigeno, karbono dioxido eta nitrogeno gasen eragina duenean. Horretarako gainazalean sorturako konposatu berriak eta egitura elektronikoan emandako aldaketak zehazten dira.

The areas of the stationary energy storage, the electric transport and the portable electronic devices are affected by a poor development of battery technology, which does not allow a viable and efficient application of them. Lithium metal, the element which has the highest theoretical capacity, has been widely studied as anode of the batteries, but there is still a lack of knowledge in how to use it in a safety and profitable way. One of the keys that determined the stability of the lithium metal is the passivation layer which is formed on the surface of it when the metal is in contact with different atmospheres. In this work this surface is analyzed by the compounds that form it and the change in the electronic structure of the surface which are produced by these gases: O2, CO2 and N2.